Dipper-excavator.



R. JURY.

DIPPEB EXGAVATOR.

n'ruonxon mum NOV. 9, 1912.

1,076,676. Patented 001;. 28, 1913.

28 I 2 snnsws-snnm 1.

IN VEN T OR R. JURY.

DIPPEB EXGAVATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 11011.9, 1912.

1,076,676; Patented 001;. 28, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR Allorney Uivrrno sira'r gsla rnnfr oral-on.

RUBEN JURY, or sANbUsKY, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR or one-THIRD 'ro WILLIAM WAKEFIELD AND ONE-THIRD T ARcHmALb L. GILLAM, BOTH or SANDUSKYEr MICHIGAN.

DIPPER-EX6AVA'IOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Ooti28, 1913.

Application filed November 9, 1912. serial No. 730,321.

To all whom it may concern Be itknown that I, RUBEN J URY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Sandusky, county of Sanilac, and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dipper-Excavators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to dipper excavators.

- The present invention has for its object the provision of a novel excavator ofthe dipper type, particularly adapted for digging ditches or trenches in ,which sewer pipes, tile, and the like may be laid, which may be constructed at relatively small expense, will have few parts and be light, du' rable, strong, its operation, while having an excavating capacity several times that of the ordinary trench or ditch excavators heretofore known to the art.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an excavator adapted to automatically set or position itself for carrying out the excavating operation and which will, after the dipper has been tilled, automatically dump the contents thereof.

Another object is the provision of a novel excavator whose mechanism is so arranged and constructed that it may be readily moved from place to place and made ready for operation with the expenditure of a small amount of time and labor and, further, which will be adapted to operate on much softer ground than is possible with other ex cavators 011 account of the lightness of the machine.

A still further object is to provide an excavator of novel construction arranged on its supporting frame in such manner that the excavating operation, instead of tending to tilt the frame as with those excavators whose dipper stems extend out beyond the frame, tends to more firmly retain the entire excavator in position, this .to be accomplished by the disposition of the excavating mechanism at an intermediate part of the frame in such position that the excavating of the earth is beneath the frame instead of laterally beyond one side or end thereof as has heretofore generally been the case.

Further objects are the provision of; a novel dipper excavator having new means whereby the depth of the trench or ditch excavated may be regulated; and one which and require but one man for will be adapted to clean out from the ditch or trench any loose dirt or material which has fallen thereinto after a preceding ,excavation has been made by the dipper.

Theinvention also has for its object the provision of a novel excavating mechanism embodying rockers mounted and combined with a new form of dipper stem and with locking and unlocking devices of novel construction whereby a relatively long sweep of the dipper and a great leverage thereon are obtained andby which the mechanism is entirely automatic in its operation of position ing itself for the beginnin of the excavating operation which may then be carried on by the application of suitable power.

The invention is set forth hereinafter in its preferred embodiment and the novel features and combinations are recited in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings :-Figure 'l is a side elevation of the complete excava tor with the rockers and dipper stem raised ready to descend for positioning of the dipper for excavating purposes, upon paying out of the power cable; Fig. 2, a similar view with the power cable paid out and the dipper partially raised; Fig. 3, a similar view with the dipper in position to begin excavating; Fig. 4, an end elevation looking toward the right hand end of the machine; Fig. 5, a de-- tai perspective of the latching mechanism, the latches being shown thrown back to bet ter illustrate the construction.

The main framof the machine 1 is of open, substantially rectangular form so that the excavating mechanism canroperate centrally thereof and the dipper and its stem pass freely up and down through the fram'e as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The frame is suitably braced by crossed braces at its end parts which are located above the trucks 2 and 3 having ordinary traction wheels 4, providing means whereby the machine is supported only at its ends and may be moved from place to place as the work progresses or for beginning new'excavation.

Pivoted to opposite sides of frame 1 at 5 are a pair. of upwardly converging rockers 6; pivoted at 7 to frame 1 are an upwardly converging pair of rockers 8. The rockers G are pivoted at 9 to the dipper stem 10 which is provided with a section 11 composed of spaced members, providing an elongated slot or opening 12 between them, notches 13 being i C provided in-the members 11 and bolts or pins 14 extending across the space 12 and fastened to the members 11. The members 11 and a part of the dipper stem have an elongated slot 15. The belt or fastener 16 which connects the ends of the rockers 8, passes through the slot 15, this construction permitting the d pper stem to automatically adjust itself longitudinally to make excavations or cuts at successively greater depths as will appear hereinafter.

liroted .on the fastener 16 locking latches 17 and 18, respectively, the former being provided with a cross pin 19 adapt.- ed for reception in the notches 13, the latch 17 being adapted to be received in space 12. The latch 18 is also adapted to swing into the space 12 and to engage the members 14 to provide or the automatic longitudinal feed of the dipper stem 10 to permit the dipper to make successively deeper cuts.

The dipper 20 maybe of any ordinary or preferred form pr vided with a swinging: bottom 21 having a spring latch 22 adapted to keep it closed when it is excavating and rising. The latch is automatically pulled open by a chain 2") connected tothc latch 18 due to the arrest of latch 18 by rockers when the. parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1. A in or other suit-able device 18* carried by hitch 1 serves this purpose. The ror.:l ;ers G and 8 are respectively limited in their moi'elnvnts by chains 21 and 25 when in the positions shown in Figs. '1 and 3 and chains 21 limit the play of the rockers 8 in the other direction. An operating cuble 27 is connected to the dipper 20 and runs over u sheave carried by an upward extension 29 of frame 1 and. down to the drum 30 of the engine.

Supported by frame 1 is a double inclined chute 31 (Fig. 4.) wh se apex 32 is disposed below the ce'riterof the dipper 20 when the latter isin the dischurging position of Fig. 1, andconseqiiently, the earth, shines, etc. carried by the clipper 2O discharge h T avity down said chute 31 in a divided strcz ni and may be carried off to any dcsiredpoml or allowed to remain on opposite sides oi the trench being dug. The chute 31 will h atsuch an angle and of such material that the easy gravitation of the inuteriul there over will be insured.

Referring to Fig. 1. it will he observed that the rockers 6 are inclined toward the rockers 8 and in cons picnce, without huv ing to employ any weights, the. weight of the dipper and the inclination of the. x 6 causes the rockers ii and 8, the stem 10. and the dipper 90 to uuton'mticaliy full by gravity, moving on the pivots 5, 7 and 9 when the cable 27 is paid out from (ii-um The machine is consequently selhseb ting and no power is used to position the dipper where it will he really to exca ate, power only being used to bring about the ex misting operation when the dipper is in the position shown in Fig. 3 and. upon revolution ofthe drum 30, ler any suitable control undxlriw-n in may hie manner, the dipper is caused to 111310. 1 cut and to brought to the position shown in Fig. 1, whereupon the chain 23 unlutches the (lipper bottom or door and the GX(.';l-.iil.(3(l contents of the -dipper discharge downwardly upon the chute 31.

Assuming that the parts are in the position shown in Fig. 1, on paying out the cable 97, the rockers 6 undo fall toward each other, the pin 19 remaining in the notches 13 until the dipper stem has fallen to a vertical position and has passed that. position in a direction to bring the dipper to the position shown in Fig. 3, but before the dipper has assumed the position shown in the gravitation of the latch 17 causes the pin 19 to disengage from the notches 1?. The entire dipper stem 10, 11, then having no support, the slot 15 perrui 3 the entire dipper stem and dipper to drop longitudinally of itself, the walls of the slot 15 sliding over the pivot 16. The weight of the ports d the action of the rockers 6 carry the dipper stem pastthe vertical position and the parts are then in the position shown in Fig. 3, the dipper being now ready t start extra *ating. The engagement. of the latch 18 by gravity with the menthol: 14 which is nearest to it constitutes an uhutmen to resist upward movement of the freed ilipperstem 10 while the excavating is progressing as the pressure would otherwise canthe dipper and stem to lift an it would not have the proper hite on the earth. n Fig. 2, the dipper has c mpleted the excuvntingnction and is ready to rise from the tr nch. the latch 18 ha ing previously. by its Q'rm'ity. disengaged from the meuiher 14 with which it was previously engaged and. ronsmpyrntly. the dipper stem is free to slide on the pivot 1 until the ports :u'rsumev the p 'iraiiion shown in Fig. 1, whereupon the pin .19 ugnin engageswmd locks the dipper stem. The chain 23 just prior to tliis lockingr action. draws the latch. 23 and lie contents of the dipper dis lm fle onto th chute 5'71. z-roviding a plurality of nu-nih rs 14 whic act 21 teeth, the dipper allowed to molar; siuireessirely deeper cuts un il :it the some time to he locked against.

lon iiudiuel shifting. 7

Being mounted to exruvftte between the points of support of the frame. 1, the excavating operation cloes not cause any tendency in the nuichine to tilt but on the contrary, tends to more firmly hold the machine in position.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:-

1. In an excavator, the combination of upright rockers mounted at different points and arranged at an angle to each other, of a dipper stem pivotally connected to both of said rockets whereby said rockers may nfove toward each other.

2. In an excavator, the combination of rockers mounted at different points, of a dipper. stem pivotally connected to both of said makers and also shiftably connected to one 0 them, and means for locking the shiftably mounted stetn against movement or shifting When excavating.

3. In an excavator the combination of rockers mounted at different points, of a dipper stem pivotall connected to both of said rockers and also shiftably connected to one of them, and means for locking the shiftably mounted stem against movement or shifting when excavating consisting .of a plurality of catch members on the dipper stem and a'movable latch carried by one of the rockers and adapted to engage said catch members. 4

, 4. In an excavator, the combination ofo pright rockers mounted at. different points, a;

dipper stem pivoted to both of the rockers,

1 the rockers being relatively "inclined Sothat.

they will move toward each other when fallrangement of the parts adapting the rockers to movetoward each other when falling and to automatically set the dipper and, stem in position for excavating. and means for operating the dipper to perform the excavating opera ion and for raising it.

5. In an excavator, the combination of upright rockers mounted at different points, a dipper stem pivoted to both of the rockers and siirrtably connected to one of them, the rockers being relatively inclined so that they will move toward each other when falling, a dipper carried y the stem, locking means a apted to prevent longitudinal shifting of the stem until the parts are in a predetermined position and the dipper is SllbSttllll-I tially ready toexcavate, the arrangement o' the parts adapting the rockers to move toward each other when falling from. a raised position to an excavating position, means adapted to act when the dipper is in excavating position to lock its stem against longitudx nal shifting, and means for operating the dipper to perform the excavating operation and for raising it.

6. In an excavator, the combination .of rockers mounted at different points and arranged in inclined relation to each other' whereby they are adapted to fold toward each other, of a dipper stem pivoted to one of the rockers and havinga combined pivotal and shifting connection with the other rocker, the dipper stem having a tooth, in

for excavating and the last-named latcli to condition until it is substantially positioned thereupon engage the plurality of engaging devices to permit the dipper to excavate without causing longitudinal movement of the dipper stem, while permitting the dipper 0 properly position itself, and means for o crating the dipper and for raising it.

7. ii an excavator, the combination with an open supporting frame, of means for sustaining end parts of said frame. upright rockers mounted on the frame and arranged in inclined relation to each other. a dipper stem carried by the rockers and :nlapted to i be sustained above the frame, a dipper car ried by said stem, said stem and rockers being adapted to operate through the frame' intermediate the points of its support and in a general up and down direction, and

means for operating the dipper when in eX- cavating position and for raising it, the

aforesaid arrangement of rockers and dipsignature in presence of two witnesses.

his JURY.

mark

RUBEN lVitnesses:

M. E. B. SHInLn, Anomnau) L. GILLAM. 

